纳米技术吧 关注:209贴子:363

纳米的作用

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纳米是一个微小的长度单位,1纳米等于10亿分之一米。根头发丝有7万到8万纳米。纳米技术这个词汇出现在1974年。纳米科学、纳米技术是在0。10到 100纳米尺度的空间内研究电子、原子和分子运动规律及特性。纳米材料是纳米技术的重要的组成部分,也是国际上竞争的热点和难点。碳纳米管自从1991年被发现以来,就一直被誉为未来的材料。碳纳米管在强度上大约比钢强100倍,其传热性能优于所有已知的其它材料。碳纳米管具有良好的导电性,在常温下导电时,几乎不产生电阻。纳米陶瓷材料在1600摄氏度高温下能像橡皮泥那样柔软,在室温下也能自由弯曲。从1998年世界上第一只纳米晶体管制成,到 1999年100纳米芯片问世,使20世纪最后10年世界上出现的“纳米热”进一步升温。 
我国在纳米技术领域占有一度之地,处于国际先进行列。已成功制备出包括金属、合金、氧经化物、氢化物、碳化物、离子晶体和半导体等多种纳米材料,合成出多种同轴纳米电缆,掌握了制备纯净碳纳米管技术,能大批量制备长度为2至3毫米的超长纳米管。合成的最细的碳纳米管的直径只有0。33纳米,这不但打破了我国科学家自已不久前创造的直径只为0。5纳米的世界纪录,而且突破了日本科学家1992年所提出的0。4纳米的理论极限值。《稻草变黄金 ——从四氯化碳制成金刚石》的文章高度评价。最近又研制成功新型纳米材料——超双疏性界面材料。这种材料具有超疏水性及超疏油性,制成纺织品,不染油污,不用洗染。 
纳米技术应用前景十分广阔,经济效益十分巨大,美国权威机构预测,2010年纳米技术市场估计达到14400亿美元,纳米技术未来的应用将远远超过计算机工业。纳米复合、塑胶、橡胶和纤维的改性,纳米功能涂层材料的设计和应用,将给传统产生和产品注入新的高科技含量。专家指出,纺织、建材、化工、石油、汽车、军事装备、通讯设备等领域,将免不了一场因纳米而引发的“材料革命”现在我国以纳米材料和纳米技术注册的公司有近100个,建立了10 多条纳米材料和纳米技术的生产线。纳米布料、服装已批量生产,象电脑工作装、无静电服、防紫外线服等纳米服装都已问世。加入纳米技术的新型油漆,不仅耐洗刷性提高了十几倍,而且无毒无害无异味。一张纳米光盘上能存几百部,上千部电影,而一张普通光盘只能存两部电影。纳米技术正在改善着、提高着人们的生活质量。


1楼2006-05-24 20:21回复
    GOOD


    2楼2006-05-24 20:34
    回复
      • 58.35.240.*
      up


      3楼2006-10-08 14:07
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        • 125.92.196.*
        好好


        4楼2006-11-01 20:14
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          • 219.138.151.*
          这些的准确性有多高,其实真的写的很


          5楼2006-11-18 20:20
          回复
            • 202.204.164.*
            真有那么神吗?最近参考消息豋了一个文章,对纳米持有疑义的,我有一个纳米杯子,是别人送的,一直没敢使,看了参考消息,就更不敢用了,咋整???


            6楼2006-12-27 13:00
            回复
              • 222.93.16.*
              不错,对我的作业大有帮助!!!!!!!!!
              THANK YOU


              7楼2007-01-02 10:36
              回复
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                8楼2007-01-21 18:26
                回复
                  • 219.235.13.*
                  呵呵,好!完成作业了!嘻嘻1


                  9楼2007-03-23 21:59
                  回复
                    • 125.125.20.*
                    3838438 才


                    10楼2007-03-26 18:04
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                      • 125.125.20.*
                      谢谢,太感谢了!!!!!!!@ @
                       -


                      11楼2007-03-26 18:06
                      回复
                        • 125.127.184.*
                        我终于完成作业拉


                        12楼2007-05-26 17:52
                        回复
                          • 218.88.228.*
                          听说,将来微型电子计算机可以小到能装在上衣的口袋里.小机器可以跟小米一样大小.甚至更小.它可以深入到你的脑子里.看你在想什么.纳米太神奇了!


                          13楼2007-06-17 13:11
                          回复
                            • 222.189.107.*
                            有纳米技术的出现我们也倒霉,还得学习,哎!学生就是倒霉 


                            14楼2007-10-20 11:44
                            回复
                              • 123.253.10.*
                              !完成作业了


                              15楼2007-11-13 21:32
                              回复