有恐友咨询到了关于核酸检测的问题。我去medhelp找到了Dr HHH的回答，整理如下：
1,3) NAAT and PCR are the same thing. This test and the p24 antigen test both are ways to test for the presence of HIV in the blood. Of the two tests, PCR/NAAT is the more accurate one; all by itself, a negative result any time more than about 2 weeks after exposure is virtually 100% proof against HIV -- i.e. I agree with Dr. Hook's statement that negative results with both antibody and PCR at 4 weeks would be definitive. (NAAT is the test blood banks use on all donated blood to make sure there is no transfusion related HIV in the US -- and there hasn't been a case of HIV in the US following transfusion for many years.)
2) False positive NAAT results can occur, and I guess a 1% chance is about right. Given your anxieties, you'll just have to decide whether you're willing to take that small risk in order to have the definitive negative result you seek.
Now I have seen the rest. A negative test result at 11.5 weeks is proof you were not infected. NAAT stands for nucleic acid amplification test. It is the same as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which indeed tests for the virus itself rather than antibody. However, after 3-4 weeks since exposure, NAATs are not as reliable as antibody tests. A negative antibody test at least 6-8 weeks after exposure is all you need to be 100% certain you didn't catch HIV.
核酸检测在美国是持明确的肯定态度的。美国红十字会对献血采取的血检就是用的NAAT（核酸扩增实验）。一般来说，在感染后的10天到2周，NAAT法就能检测出病毒存在。
核酸检测法测的是病毒本身而不是抗体，所以在3到4周（即体内产生抗体导致病毒量下降）后，核酸检测的准确度就不如抗体检测了。
也就是说在高危后2周左右做核酸检测是合适的，医生说假阳的几率在1%左右，准确性还是很高的。
注意这句话：
(NAAT is the test blood banks use on all donated blood to make sure there is no transfusion related HIV in the US -- and there hasn't been a case of HIV in the US following transfusion for many years.)
NAAT是美国的血库用于检测无偿献血有无HIV的手段。并且美国已经很多年没有发生过因输血感染HIV的案例了。
这足以说明核酸检测的准确性。
当然前提是你在中国接受的核酸检测就是美国所谓的NAAT. 你可以跟医院确认下。
1,3) NAAT and PCR are the same thing. This test and the p24 antigen test both are ways to test for the presence of HIV in the blood. Of the two tests, PCR/NAAT is the more accurate one; all by itself, a negative result any time more than about 2 weeks after exposure is virtually 100% proof against HIV -- i.e. I agree with Dr. Hook's statement that negative results with both antibody and PCR at 4 weeks would be definitive. (NAAT is the test blood banks use on all donated blood to make sure there is no transfusion related HIV in the US -- and there hasn't been a case of HIV in the US following transfusion for many years.)
2) False positive NAAT results can occur, and I guess a 1% chance is about right. Given your anxieties, you'll just have to decide whether you're willing to take that small risk in order to have the definitive negative result you seek.
Now I have seen the rest. A negative test result at 11.5 weeks is proof you were not infected. NAAT stands for nucleic acid amplification test. It is the same as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which indeed tests for the virus itself rather than antibody. However, after 3-4 weeks since exposure, NAATs are not as reliable as antibody tests. A negative antibody test at least 6-8 weeks after exposure is all you need to be 100% certain you didn't catch HIV.
核酸检测在美国是持明确的肯定态度的。美国红十字会对献血采取的血检就是用的NAAT（核酸扩增实验）。一般来说，在感染后的10天到2周，NAAT法就能检测出病毒存在。
核酸检测法测的是病毒本身而不是抗体，所以在3到4周（即体内产生抗体导致病毒量下降）后，核酸检测的准确度就不如抗体检测了。
也就是说在高危后2周左右做核酸检测是合适的，医生说假阳的几率在1%左右，准确性还是很高的。
注意这句话：
(NAAT is the test blood banks use on all donated blood to make sure there is no transfusion related HIV in the US -- and there hasn't been a case of HIV in the US following transfusion for many years.)
NAAT是美国的血库用于检测无偿献血有无HIV的手段。并且美国已经很多年没有发生过因输血感染HIV的案例了。
这足以说明核酸检测的准确性。
当然前提是你在中国接受的核酸检测就是美国所谓的NAAT. 你可以跟医院确认下。
