2012年12月
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man
and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the
computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the
computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
点评：
该类考题的命题，按照官方说法：既考写作又考理解，即在理解所给话语的
基础上结合题目去确定作文写作的主题和内容。
2012 年12 月六级作文阅卷发现，man and computer 这篇作文的跑题率在80%
以上，绝大部分考生在审题方面未能很好把握要旨。
本次考试所给话语为“The real danger is not that the computer will begin to
think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.”话题为Man and
Computer. 重点为but 之后的man will think like the computer, 即，如果人的思考
变得像计算机一样的话，人就会失去创造力，这将是很危险的事情。
考生跑题主要有以下几种体现：
1） 写计算机对人类生活、工作、学习的影响或利弊，但未能从think 即
“思维”角度入手写作文。
2） 受与本次作文相似出题形式的2011 年12 月四级作文Nothing
succeeds without a strong will 和2011 年12 六级作文The way to
success 的影响，部分考生写成“计算机”和“人类的成功”关系。
3） 生搬硬套：将本次作文写成“观点对比”或“问题解决”型作文，导
致驴头不对马嘴。殊不知，背诵模板的危害就是：模板的写作思路是
死的，是固定的，但考试命题的思路很可能与考生所背诵模板相同。
从命题的“话题”和“内容要求”出发去写相应的段落才是王道，如
题目对应的现象、原因、危害、建议、观点和意义等角度。
4） 受预测作文影响，写“计算机不可能替换人类，因为人类是计算机的
设计者”，与think，即：“思维”、“危险”等毫无关系。
5） “最幼稚”型跑题：将man 理解为“男人”，将文章写成“两性情感
批判作文”，内容为：男人天天上网打游戏，生活和思维都放在了计
算机游戏上，没时间陪女朋友。

首段：评论
Some experts utter a thought-provoking remark: “The real danger is not that
the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the
computer.” This saying can be naturally associated with the significance of
creativity: if one intends to be creative, it is not advisable to think like a machine.
(56)
二段：阐述主旨: man and computer = 现象+危害
(现象)In contemporary society, it has become a trend for computers to be
designed increasingly smart. Meanwhile, a growing number of people deem it
rather convenient and efficient to use computers to deal with various complex tasks.
( 危害) Unfortunately, many individuals have become too dependent on
computers, and if we let this situation continue as it is, humans may lose their
own creativity. （意义）However, it is of great significance for us to maintain
creative minds. It is creativity that enables human beings to invent computers, to
be superior and to be masters in the world.Without creativity, it is impossible for
us to create smarter computers and other devices. Therefore, if man tends to think
like computer, it is a real danger. (123)
尾段：建议
As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for humans
to keep a creative mind.Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage
our classmates, friends and acquaintances to practice their independent thinking

分析原因段：主题句+原因1（原因概述+具体描述）+原因2+总结
☆主题句1：Why does this phenomenon happen? A number of factors can account for
it.
主题句2：In general, there are several factors contributing to this phenomenon(, but
the following may be the most critical).
☆主题句3：It is evident that the causes of this phenomenon are diverse.
主题句4：To solve/deal with this worrying/disturbing issue, it is of vital significance
to determine /explore / investigate the possible reasons.
☆原因1：In the first place, ___________ is the root cause. A good case in point is
that _________________________________. (原因+现象描述)
☆原因2：In the second place, _____ constitutes another major cause. Specifically/To
be specific, as ____, they deem that ______means _____________________. (原因+
具体说明:即现象描述).
☆原因3：（强调句式）Then, it is _____ that makes /attracts/ enables/ helps _______
to expand/ build up ___.
原因4: Besides, ________aims at/targets at boosting/ enhancing ________.
☆原因5：As a matter of fact, ______in mounting/ large numbers have not come to
realize the significance /necessity of _____
☆原因总结1：As a consequence, _______ pay relatively less(more) attention to
_______.
原因总结2：Consequently, ____ has (not) been emphasized.
建议措施：总结问题+提出建议1+建议2+展望未来
☆总结句1: In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures should
be taken (before things get worse).
总结句2：Therefore/Thus/Hence/Accordingly, it is high time that we took feasible
steps to stop/ limit/ restrain this trend.
总结句3：In fact, people’s/our ways to ___________ do vary/differ.（☆替换：1. As
a ____, I am convinced that there are various ways in which
_____________________. 或2. It is apparent that ways to ___________ are
various.）Some _____; some ______; some others _____.
☆建议1：First, it is essential that regulations should be worked out and enforced to
___________.
建议2 ： Second, it is suggested that public should enhance/ promote/ cultivate/
strengthen their awareness of __________.
建议3：Then, it is advisable/significant for ________ to ________
建议4: ( 社会)The society as a whole should forge an over-all atmosphere of
accepting, appreciating the sense of ___________.
正面：接受--》负面：拒绝、批判和阻止：
☆ 建议5 ：（ 个人） Lastly, ________should educate, advocate and encourage
___________________________ (not) to ______________.
展望未来1 ： Only by doing so/ Only through these measures, can we
__________________________. （慎用：因为很多人都写这个结尾）
☆展望未来2：If we try our utmost to do so, the future of ____ will be promising/
hopeful/ rosy.
☆展望未来3：Do bear in mind: no __________, no ______________.
观点对比段（利弊：支持方观点=利；方法观点=弊）
支持方观点（利）= 主题句+具体好处（利）
支持方主题句1 ：Some argue that it is absolutely necessary to ______ (because
________).
☆支持方主题句2：A number of individuals favor /prefer_____ owing to its/their
benefits.
石雷鹏功能段落六级写作讲义笔记版
7
支持方主题句3 ： Those who are in favor of ____ claim that _____carries a lot
advantages.
☆支持方观点(利)1：In their eyes, without ________, it is impossible for them to
___________.
☆ 支持方观点( 利)2: In addition, it is ______ that enables _____ to expand/
strengthen / enjoy / enrich / attract _____________.
☆支持方观点(利)3: As a _____, _______ brings us _____, arouses our enthusiasm
for _______, and helps us to ____________. .
支持方观点( 利)4 ： In their opinion, _____ will definitely promote the
development/efficiency of _____, which otherwise would be impossible.
支持方观点(利)5：Another evident advantage/ merit/ strength/ benefit is that ____
may offer /provide/bring entertainment/ pleasure/ an enjoyable life.
反方观点（弊）(三句=主题句+反方观点1+反方观点2)
☆ 主题句1 ： Even so, others hold a different view that ____ carries some risks/
doubts.
主题句2：Others, however, regard it differently.
主题句3：Advantageous/beneficial/rewarding/good/popular as it is, others have an
opposite perspective.
主题句4：In spite of all these claims, others maintain that it is unnecessary to ____
反对本质：危害分析。因此，分析弊与分析危害可互用。
反方观点(弊)1：First and foremost, _________ means a great amount of time, money
and energy; therefore, _____ may be disturbed/ ignored.
☆反方观点(弊)2：First, ____ means or equals plenty of time, energy and money;
nonetheless/however, the result/quality/ reality of _____is not as satisfactory as
expected.
☆ 反方观点( 弊)3 ： In addition, what worries many parents/teachers is that
_____________________________
Ⅲ段：我的观点3 句=我的观点+理由+展望未来
☆我的观点1：By and large, the advantages derived from _______ far outweigh the
disadvantages .
我的观点2：To my understanding, never can be superstitious about _________.
☆我的观点3：As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great (no) necessity
for us to ____.
我的观点4 ：（ 折中型） Who is right? I think there is something right in both
arguments. However, what convinces me is that we should ____ firstly. Then, we are
also expected to _______.
理由句：写法同第一段和第二段
展望未来句：同问题解决型展望未来写法。
阐述意义段（利）：主题句+具体意义1+具体意义2 +总结
主题句1：Apparently enough, it is of great significance for _______ to ________.
主题句2：______ is the key to ______, and it can be likened to a road to _______.☆具体意义1：被动+强调句式：_____ can be best characterized by ______; thus, it
is ______ that enables/ helps us to build up _____________.
build up--> consolidate/ strengthen/ enrich / expand / broaden / sharpen /contribute to
speed --> confidence/ optimism/ experience/ horizon/ vision/ scope of knowledge/
harmony/ chances of success.
具体意义2：Without this quality/ virtue/ awareness, it is impossible for _____ to
_______.
☆具体意义3. (As a vital virtue/ quality/ awareness,) _____ brings us power, arouses
our enthusiasm (for ____), and helps us to live a better life.
☆具体意义4. Actually/As a matter of fact/ In fact, ___ people in mounting numbers
have come to realize the importance / convenience of ______.
具体意义5：Furthermore, _____ can enrich our life/ knowledge/ experience, broaden
our horizon/vision, strengthen our awareness of _____ and expand our scope of
______.
总结句： To sum up, there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid
foundation of practice.

it is of great significance for

Given is a thoughprovoking cartoon: looking at herself in the mirror, the old grandma feels lonely, because her son goes to work and her grandson goes to school.
Obviously, this cartoon can be naturally associated with the old parents’ loneliness: if elders intend to enjoy happiness, it is advisable for youngsters to accompany them. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for young people to be busy with their work and study. In the meanwhile, an increasing number of adults find it hard to have time for parents or families. However, it is children’s care that enables old parents to build up adequate hope, passion and courage for life. As a matter of fact, people in large numbers have not come to realize the loneliness of the old in life.
As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to devote love and time to parents. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to respect and care all elderly people. Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of senior citizens(老年人).

Given is a thought-provoking remark: “if tradition can be likened to the tree root and trunk, innovation is the leaf and fruit.” Obviously, this saying can be naturally associated with the close relation between tradition and innovation: if we intend to be innovative, it is advisable for us to absorb from the traditional wisdom. 二段：意义阐述+现象 In contemporary society, it has become a trend for youngsters to focus on innovative products, like smart computers, digital cameras and so on. In the meanwhile, an increasing number of young people find it exceedingly hard or boring to understand traditional cultures. However, tradition is the root of innovation. Then, it is traditional wisdom that enables modern people to build up adequate intelligence, knowledge to create new products. As a matter of fact, wise people in large numbers have come to realize the significance of tradition in modern life. 尾段：观点+建议 As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity to combine tradition and innovation. To be specific, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to review more history for better innovation. Do bear in mind: the leaf and fruit can not live without tree root and trunk. (236 words)

The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication
首段：（图画描述：现象）
Given is a cartoon which illustrates a rather interesting scene: the father,
sitting in sofa, asks about his daughter’s school life, with an expectation of talking
with her; however, to his disappointment, the girl simply responds with a rejection:
“You can read all about it on my blog.”
利弊段：分析网络对人际交流的利弊
This cartoon can be naturally associated with impacts of Internet on
interpersonal communication.（图画联系主题）On the one hand, Internet brings us
great convenience and helps us to remove the obstacles of distance in
communication. It is Internet that enables people in different places to keep in touch
with each other.Without Internet, it is impossible for them to keep instant contact
with others.( 利) On the other hand, this phenomenon is particularly worth
concern for the background that people, like the daughter in cartoon, may focus
too much eyesight on Internet, totally turning a blind eye to face-to-face
communication. What worries many experts is that Interpersonal communication
may be alienated and indifferent. (弊)
现象总结+建议
In contemporary society, it has become a trend for people to communicate via
Internet. Meanwhile, an increasing number of individuals deem it convenient, fast
and fashionable to chat online. (现象)However, I am convinced that we should
educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to spend
more time talking or chatting face to face（. 建议）Do bear in mind: Internet is merely
a tool.

第三章
单项
1.将统计总体按某一标志进行分组后，其结果为（ C ）。
A.组内同质性，组间同质性 B.组内差异性，组间差异性
C.组内同质性，组间差异性 D.组内差异性，组间同质性
2.连续型变量在确定组限时，相邻组的组限必须（ B ）。
A.间断 B.重叠 C.相等 D.不等
3.计算向上累计次数或频率时，其累计数表达的意义为（ A ）。
A.上限以下的累计次数或频率 B.上限以上的累计次数或频率 C.下限以下的累计次数或频率 D.下限以上的累计次数或频率
多项
1.在组距数列中，组中值是（ ABC）。
A.假定值，即假定该组的标志值是均匀分布
B.上限与下限之间的中间数值
C.可以代表各组标志值的平均水平
D.各组标志值的平均数
2.某地区的工厂按经济类型进行分组，分组标志的名称应写在统计表的（ CD）。
A.总标题栏 B.纵列标题栏
C.横行标题栏 D.主词栏
E.宾词栏
简答：
1.简述编制统计表时应该注意的问题？

第四章
单项
1.某商场2000年空调销售量为6500台，库存年末比年初减少100台，则这两个总量指标是（ A ）。
A.前者是时期指标，后者是时点指标 B.时期指标
C.前者是时点指标，后者是时期指标 D.时点指标
2.将某校各班按出勤率分组，已知各组出勤人数，要计算平均出勤率，则应采用（ D ）计算。
A.简单算术平均数 B.加权算术平均数
C.简单调和平均数 D.加权调和平均数 3.由反映总体各单位数量特征的标志值汇总得出的指标是（ B ）。
A.总体单位总量 B.总体标志总量
C.质量指标 D.相对指标 4.某企业工人劳动生产率计划提高5%，实际提高10%，则提高生产率的计划完成程度为（ A ）。
A.104.76% B.95.45%
C.200% D.76% 简答：
1.简述时期指标与时点指标区别？
2.简述强度相对指标与平均指标区别？

第八章
相关分析与回归分析的联系
1.相关分析需要依靠回归分析来表明现象数量相关的具体形式。
2.回归分析则需要依靠相关分析来表明现象数量变化的相关程度。简单说：1.相关分析是回归分析的基础和前提；
2.回归分析是相关分析的深入和继续。
相关分析与回归分析的区别
1.变量的地位
相关分析中，变量之间处于平等地位；
回归分析中，必须确定因变量（处在被解释的地位）、自变量（用于解释和预测因变量变化）。
2.变量的性质
相关分析中所涉及的变量都是随机变量；
回归分析中，因变量是随机变量，自变量一般是非随机的确定变量。
3. 分析内容（侧重点）
相关分析主要描述两个变量之间相关关系的密切程度；主要通过计算相关系数来测定。
回归分析揭示变量之间数量变动的统计规律性；主要通过拟合回归方程来描述或推断。

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