Experiment 1
isolation of the active ingredients in an analgesic drug
Propose: To isolate
the active ingredients from an unknown analgesic drug and identify its type from
evaluating the melting point and TLC analysis.
Method: The
centrifuge is used to separate the residue from the solution. The column chromatography is used to further
purify the solution. TLC chromatography is used to show the different retention
factor of different substance. By comparing the retention factor we can
determine the ingredients in the unknown drug.
Theory:
Melting point of a solid is the temperature when it changes state from solid to
liquid. Different substances always have different melting point. So in this
experiment, the standard temperature of three possible drugs is given and the
unknown substance can be determined by comparing the melting point.
TCL stands for thin layer
chromatography. It is used to separate substance into different layer on the
TLC plate. The silica gel will dissolve the solution spot and make it move up
the TLC plate. More polar the substance is, further it will move at certain
time, which gives a higher retention factor.