Borders
1. border (n): the official linethat separates two countries, states, or areas, or the area close to this line.边界
2. compass(n): [countable]aninstrument that shows directions and has a needle that always points north. 指南针
3. tiny: (adj) extremely small. 小的
4. hike: (n) a long walk in themountains or countryside 徒步旅行；步行
a hike in the woods
(v) to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside. 徒步旅行；步行
Southeast Utah is a great placeto go hiking and mountain biking.
5. indeed: (adv) really. (used to emphasizethe statement.) 真正地，确实
The blood tests prove that Vince is indeed the father.
'Would it help if you had an assistant?' 'It would indeed.'
A very, very average thing indeed, like a potato.
6. relief: (n) [singular,uncountable]a feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful has ended or has nothappened 解除；宽慰；免除
He watched with relief as the girl nodded.
To my relief, they spoke English.
The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief!
relieve: (v) toreduce someone's pain or unpleasant feelings 减轻(病痛,紧张情绪等)；使感到宽慰放心
Drugs helped to relieve the pain. (relieve tension/pressure/stress etc)
7. illegal:( adj) not allowed by the law (ￚsynonym unlawful ￚoppositelegal) 非法的
It is illegal to sell tobacco to someone under 16.
illegally :(adv) 非法地
They enteredthe country illegally
8. vision: (n) [countable]an idea of what you think something should belike. 设想，想象
He has a clear vision of the future he wants for his children.
9. equal: (adj) the same in size,number, amount, value etc as something else 相等的，平等的
The two towns are roughly equal in size.
Both candidates received an equal number of votes.
They believe that all work is of equal value.
A pint is equal to about half a litre.
(v) to be exactly the same in size, number, or amount as something else等于，和…相等
Two plus two equalsfour.
10. freeze: (v)(froze, frozen) if a liquid or something wet freezes or is frozen, it becomeshard and solid because the temperature is very cold 冻冰；使…冻冰
Thelake had frozen overnight
(v) tostop moving suddenly and stay completely still and quiet 傻了, 惊呆了
I froze and listened; someone was in my apartment.
She frozewith horror .
11. extradite:(v) to use a legal process to send someone who may be guilty of a crime back tothe country where the crime happened in order to judge them in a court of law.(对逃犯的)引渡
They areexpected to be extradited to Britainto face trial.
extradition n / noun [uncountable andcountable]
12. deport: (v) tomake someone leave a country and return to the country they came from,especially because they do not have a legal right to stay 驱逐(出境)
deportation (noun)
13. detain: (v) to officiallyprevent someone from leaving a place 拘留
Two suspectshave been detained by the police for questioning .
The police are now allowed to detain terrorist suspects foras long as a week.
detention (n)
14. echo: (v) if a sound echoes, you hear it againbecause it was made near something such as a wall or hill 发出回声
Thesound of an engine echoed back from the thick forest.
(n) asound that you hear again after a loud noise, because it was made nearsomething such as a wall 回声
Her scream was followed by a loud echo.
14. brain: (n) the organ insideyour head that controls how you think, feel, and move; mind 脑
15. alarm: (n) a feeling of fear orworry because something bad or dangerous might happen. 警觉，惊恐的情绪
16. brand-new: (adj) new and notyet used 崭新的
a brand-new car His clothes looked brand-new.
17. visa: (n) anofficial mark put on your passport that gives you permission to temporarilyenter or leave a foreign country 签证
I was still in New York, trying toget a visa forRussia
work/student/tourist etc visa
18. former: (adj) happening or existing before, but not now 以前的
the former Soviet Union
Their farm has been reduced to half its former size
19. citizen: (n)someone who legally belongs to a particular country and has rights andresponsibilities there, whether they are living there or not 公民
At thetime, there were over 2000 British citizens living inIraq.
(n) someonewho lives in a particular town, country, or state
We need our schools to teach students to be good citizens.
The mayor urged citizens to begin preparing for a majorstorm.
20. deeply rooted: ( also deep-rooted) a deeply rootedhabit, idea, belief etc is so strong in a person or society that it is verydifficult to change or destroy it 根深蒂固的
Collins has hadto deal with deeply rooted prejudice against him.
21. immigrate: (v) to come into a country in order to live there permanently移居到（某国）
Born inJamaica, Rigby had immigrated to England30 years before.
Her father immigratedto Americafrom Chinain 1947.
immigration:(n) immigration officials 移民局官员 immigration office.
immigrationcontrol: the place at an airport, sea port etcwhere officials check the documents of everyone entering the country
22. wave: (v) toraise your arm and move your hand from side to side in order to make someonenotice you 挥手
wave to/at Enid waved at us and we waved back.
wave (somebody) goodbye (=say goodbye tosomeone by waving to them)
The nurses came out to wave Granddad goodbye.
23. scared: (adj) frightened ofsomething, or nervous about something 惊慌的，吓呆了的
I've always been scared of dogs. Don't be scared of asking for help.
I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.
The boys were scared to cross the street
24. stamp: (n) atool for pressing or printing a mark or pattern onto a surface, or the markmade by this tool. 图章，戳子，
25. linger: (v)to stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leave
A fewfans lingered on after the concert was over. 逗留，徘徊
I lingeredon the sidewalk outside the old house, wondering who lived there now.
(v) tocontinue to exist, be noticeable etc for longer than is usual or desirable
a taste that lingers in your mouth 迟迟不消退（结束）
Unfortunately the tax will linger on until April.
26. sycophantic:(adj) praising important or powerful people too much because you want to getsomething from them 谄媚的
sycophanticjournalists a sycophanticletter
sycophant:(n) someone who praises powerful people too much because they want to getsomething from them 阿谀奉承者
27. inn: (n) a small hotel or pub,especially an old one in the countryside 乡村小旅馆
28. showdown: (n)a settlement of aquarrel or matter of disagreement in an open direct way. 摊牌，
Everyonein the office knew that there would be a showdown sooner or later, the waythings were going.
29. frontier: (n) the border of acountry 边境
frontier guards边境战士
30. post: (n) aplace, especially one on a border, where soldiers or police are guarding,checking etc something 岗位
borderpost 边境哨所
30. obligation: (n) a moral or legal duty to do something 义务
Employers havean obligation to treat all employees equally.
Parents are undera legal obligation to educate their children.
31. absence: (n) the lack ofsomething or the fact that it does not exist 缺席
a complete absence of any kind of planning
In the absence of any evidence, thepolice had to let Myers go.
in/during somebody's absence
Ms Leighton will be in charge during my absence (=while I amaway) .
absent: (adj)not at work, school, a meeting etc, because you are sick or decide not to go
For some reason, Young's name wasabsent from the list.
32. prohibit: (v) to say that an action is illegal or not allowed 禁止；阻止，阻碍
Smoking isstrictly prohibited inside the factory
They areprohibited from revealing details about the candidates.
prohibition:(n).
33. require: (v) to need something 需要，要求
What's required is a complete reorganization of the system.
Most house plants require regular watering.
34. forbid: (forbad, forbidden) (v) to tellsomeone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is notallowed 禁止，不让（做某事）
He wasforbidden to leave the house, as a punishment.
Women areforbidden from going out without a veil.
34. sigh: v./n.
give/let out/heave a sigh
eg. She let out a sigh of impatience.
1. border (n): the official linethat separates two countries, states, or areas, or the area close to this line.边界
2. compass(n): [countable]aninstrument that shows directions and has a needle that always points north. 指南针
3. tiny: (adj) extremely small. 小的
4. hike: (n) a long walk in themountains or countryside 徒步旅行；步行
a hike in the woods
(v) to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside. 徒步旅行；步行
Southeast Utah is a great placeto go hiking and mountain biking.
5. indeed: (adv) really. (used to emphasizethe statement.) 真正地，确实
The blood tests prove that Vince is indeed the father.
'Would it help if you had an assistant?' 'It would indeed.'
A very, very average thing indeed, like a potato.
6. relief: (n) [singular,uncountable]a feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful has ended or has nothappened 解除；宽慰；免除
He watched with relief as the girl nodded.
To my relief, they spoke English.
The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief!
relieve: (v) toreduce someone's pain or unpleasant feelings 减轻(病痛,紧张情绪等)；使感到宽慰放心
Drugs helped to relieve the pain. (relieve tension/pressure/stress etc)
7. illegal:( adj) not allowed by the law (ￚsynonym unlawful ￚoppositelegal) 非法的
It is illegal to sell tobacco to someone under 16.
illegally :(adv) 非法地
They enteredthe country illegally
8. vision: (n) [countable]an idea of what you think something should belike. 设想，想象
He has a clear vision of the future he wants for his children.
9. equal: (adj) the same in size,number, amount, value etc as something else 相等的，平等的
The two towns are roughly equal in size.
Both candidates received an equal number of votes.
They believe that all work is of equal value.
A pint is equal to about half a litre.
(v) to be exactly the same in size, number, or amount as something else等于，和…相等
Two plus two equalsfour.
10. freeze: (v)(froze, frozen) if a liquid or something wet freezes or is frozen, it becomeshard and solid because the temperature is very cold 冻冰；使…冻冰
Thelake had frozen overnight
(v) tostop moving suddenly and stay completely still and quiet 傻了, 惊呆了
I froze and listened; someone was in my apartment.
She frozewith horror .
11. extradite:(v) to use a legal process to send someone who may be guilty of a crime back tothe country where the crime happened in order to judge them in a court of law.(对逃犯的)引渡
They areexpected to be extradited to Britainto face trial.
extradition n / noun [uncountable andcountable]
12. deport: (v) tomake someone leave a country and return to the country they came from,especially because they do not have a legal right to stay 驱逐(出境)
deportation (noun)
13. detain: (v) to officiallyprevent someone from leaving a place 拘留
Two suspectshave been detained by the police for questioning .
The police are now allowed to detain terrorist suspects foras long as a week.
detention (n)
14. echo: (v) if a sound echoes, you hear it againbecause it was made near something such as a wall or hill 发出回声
Thesound of an engine echoed back from the thick forest.
(n) asound that you hear again after a loud noise, because it was made nearsomething such as a wall 回声
Her scream was followed by a loud echo.
14. brain: (n) the organ insideyour head that controls how you think, feel, and move; mind 脑
15. alarm: (n) a feeling of fear orworry because something bad or dangerous might happen. 警觉，惊恐的情绪
16. brand-new: (adj) new and notyet used 崭新的
a brand-new car His clothes looked brand-new.
17. visa: (n) anofficial mark put on your passport that gives you permission to temporarilyenter or leave a foreign country 签证
I was still in New York, trying toget a visa forRussia
work/student/tourist etc visa
18. former: (adj) happening or existing before, but not now 以前的
the former Soviet Union
Their farm has been reduced to half its former size
19. citizen: (n)someone who legally belongs to a particular country and has rights andresponsibilities there, whether they are living there or not 公民
At thetime, there were over 2000 British citizens living inIraq.
(n) someonewho lives in a particular town, country, or state
We need our schools to teach students to be good citizens.
The mayor urged citizens to begin preparing for a majorstorm.
20. deeply rooted: ( also deep-rooted) a deeply rootedhabit, idea, belief etc is so strong in a person or society that it is verydifficult to change or destroy it 根深蒂固的
Collins has hadto deal with deeply rooted prejudice against him.
21. immigrate: (v) to come into a country in order to live there permanently移居到（某国）
Born inJamaica, Rigby had immigrated to England30 years before.
Her father immigratedto Americafrom Chinain 1947.
immigration:(n) immigration officials 移民局官员 immigration office.
immigrationcontrol: the place at an airport, sea port etcwhere officials check the documents of everyone entering the country
22. wave: (v) toraise your arm and move your hand from side to side in order to make someonenotice you 挥手
wave to/at Enid waved at us and we waved back.
wave (somebody) goodbye (=say goodbye tosomeone by waving to them)
The nurses came out to wave Granddad goodbye.
23. scared: (adj) frightened ofsomething, or nervous about something 惊慌的，吓呆了的
I've always been scared of dogs. Don't be scared of asking for help.
I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.
The boys were scared to cross the street
24. stamp: (n) atool for pressing or printing a mark or pattern onto a surface, or the markmade by this tool. 图章，戳子，
25. linger: (v)to stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leave
A fewfans lingered on after the concert was over. 逗留，徘徊
I lingeredon the sidewalk outside the old house, wondering who lived there now.
(v) tocontinue to exist, be noticeable etc for longer than is usual or desirable
a taste that lingers in your mouth 迟迟不消退（结束）
Unfortunately the tax will linger on until April.
26. sycophantic:(adj) praising important or powerful people too much because you want to getsomething from them 谄媚的
sycophanticjournalists a sycophanticletter
sycophant:(n) someone who praises powerful people too much because they want to getsomething from them 阿谀奉承者
27. inn: (n) a small hotel or pub,especially an old one in the countryside 乡村小旅馆
28. showdown: (n)a settlement of aquarrel or matter of disagreement in an open direct way. 摊牌，
Everyonein the office knew that there would be a showdown sooner or later, the waythings were going.
29. frontier: (n) the border of acountry 边境
frontier guards边境战士
30. post: (n) aplace, especially one on a border, where soldiers or police are guarding,checking etc something 岗位
borderpost 边境哨所
30. obligation: (n) a moral or legal duty to do something 义务
Employers havean obligation to treat all employees equally.
Parents are undera legal obligation to educate their children.
31. absence: (n) the lack ofsomething or the fact that it does not exist 缺席
a complete absence of any kind of planning
In the absence of any evidence, thepolice had to let Myers go.
in/during somebody's absence
Ms Leighton will be in charge during my absence (=while I amaway) .
absent: (adj)not at work, school, a meeting etc, because you are sick or decide not to go
For some reason, Young's name wasabsent from the list.
32. prohibit: (v) to say that an action is illegal or not allowed 禁止；阻止，阻碍
Smoking isstrictly prohibited inside the factory
They areprohibited from revealing details about the candidates.
prohibition:(n).
33. require: (v) to need something 需要，要求
What's required is a complete reorganization of the system.
Most house plants require regular watering.
34. forbid: (forbad, forbidden) (v) to tellsomeone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is notallowed 禁止，不让（做某事）
He wasforbidden to leave the house, as a punishment.
Women areforbidden from going out without a veil.
34. sigh: v./n.
give/let out/heave a sigh
eg. She let out a sigh of impatience.
