高考英语冲刺笔记整理

　18. Take it from me.在口语中，相当于believe me whatI say.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保”
　　例 You can take it from me that he will make it this time.
　　19. For what it is worth…在口语中，相当于althoughI'm not sure it's of value, 表示“不管其价值如何”
　　例 Here is the article I promise you, for what it's worth.
　　20. Worth it 在口语中，相当于useful, 表示“有好处，值得做”
　　例 Don't hesitate about it! It's worth it.
　　21. Believe it or not.表示“信不信由你”
　　例 Believe it or not, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday.
　　22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放弃
　　例 That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it.
　　23. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于ithasn't been decided yet, 表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
　　例 —Are you going to the countryside for holiday?
　　—It/That all depends.
　　24. It's up to sb. 在口语中，相当于it's decided bysb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
　　例 —Shall we go out for dinner?
　　—It's up to you.
　　“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配专练
　　1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
　　A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
　　2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
　　A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
　　3. I don't think ____ possible to master a foreign language withoutmuch memory work.
　　A.this B.that C.its D.it (91)
　　4.Does ______ matter if he can't finish the job on time?
　　A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
　　5. It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized shewas a famous film star.
　　A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92)
　　6. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______ to bemuch better.
　　A.that B.this C.one D.it (93)
　　7. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
　　A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
　　8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as aninternational language.
　　A.There B.This C.That D.It (95)
　　9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began toappreciate their beauty.
　　A.until B.that C.then D.so (97)
　　10. I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
　　A.it B.that C.these D.them (98)
　　11. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you comefrom or what you are.
　　A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000)
　　12.I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004)
　　A. this B. that C. it D. one
　　13. —Do you like ___ here?
　　—Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is sonice.(全国卷)
　　A. this B. These C. That D. it
　　14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ___ fromsome wood. (全国卷)
　　A. it B. One C. Himself D. another
　　15. The foreign Minister said, " _____ our hope that the twosides will work towards peace."(2004北京)
　　A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is
　　16. _____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the twocountries are making progress. (2004北京)
　　A. It B. As C. That D. What
　　17. — How often do you eat out?(2004, 天津)
　　— ________, but usually once a week.
　　A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speaking
　　18. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite _____ asplaned. (2004浙江卷)
　　A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up
　　19. — What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until thebasketball game.
　　—________. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.
　　A. It just depends B. It's up to you C. All right D. Glad to hearthat
　　20. It was ____ back home after the experiment.
　　A. not until midnight did he go
　　B. until midnight that he didn't go
　　C. not until midnight that he went
　　D. until midnight when he didn't go
　　KEYS:
　　1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11-15 ACDBD 16-20 BBBBC
　　第三章 高中英语语法中的省略现象
　　在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。现就英语中的种种省略现象分析如下：
　　一、并列复合句中的省略
　　在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如：
　　a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it toa policeman. 这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。
　　b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry .你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。
　　c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doingher homework. 汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽一直在写作业。
　　d) Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963.高秀敏出生于1959年，傅彪出生于1963年。
　

　1.不定式作某些动词的宾语时，这些动词常见的有：love, like, care,wish, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean , try , oblige , advise , persuade ,agree , want , afford , forget , remember , try , manage等。如：
　　a)— You should have thanked her before you left . —I meant to ,butwhen I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.—你本该在离开前谢谢她。—我本打算这么做，但当我就要离开的时候我却找不到她了。(2000上海春)
　　b) You can do it this way if you like to .如果你想做，你可以这么做。
　　2.不定式作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语时，这些动词常见的有：ask , tell,advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit , forbid ,expect, order ,warn 等。如：
　　a) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street ,but his mother toldhim not to. 男孩想在街上骑他的自行车，但他母亲不让。(NMET1995)
　　b) She wants to come but her parents won’t allow her to (come).　她想来，可是她父母不让。
　　3.不定式在句中作某些形容词的状语时，常见的形容词有：happy, glad,eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。如：
　　— I will be away on a business trip .Could you mind looking after mycat ? 　 — Not at all.I would be happy to (look afteryour cat).　—我要出差，你能帮我照顾一下我的猫吗?—没关系，我很愿意。
　　4.不定式作某些复合谓语时，常见结构如：be able to, be going to,have to, ought to, used to等。如：
　　He doesn’t like fish but he used to 他现在不喜欢吃鱼，但过去喜欢。
　　五、动词不定式to 的省略
　　1.主语部分有to do ,系动词 is或 was 时 ，作表语的不定式通常省去to。如：
　　The only thing you have to do is press the button.你必须做的惟一事情是按按钮。
　　2.作介词but ,expect ,besides 的宾语，前面又有实意动词 do时，不定式通常省去to. 如：
　　He said that Chen Shuibian had nothing to do except push apro-“independence” timetable.他说陈水扁除了推进支持“独立”的时间表外，什么也没有做。
　　3.主语部分暗含to do，表语中的不定式通常省去to。如：
　　All I want (to do) is go to school and study hard .我想要(做)的就是上学，努力学习。
　　4.当两个或多个不定式并列时，其后的不定式符号可以省略，但有对比关系时不可省略。如：
　　It is easier to say than to do . 说起来容易，做起来难。
　　5.在would rather…than… 等结构中，不定式符号常常要省略. 如：
　　I would rather stay at home than go to see a film.我宁愿呆在家也不愿去看电影。
　　6.在see ,watch ,notice ,hear, listen to ,lookat ,feel ,have, make, let ,observe 等词后作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号to;why(not) do 结构 中, 不定式不带to。如：
　　a) I saw her enter the room. 我看见她进入了房间
　　b) Why not join us ?为什么不加入到我们的行列里来呢?
　　六.其他一些省略结构
　　1.名词所有格修饰的名词，若表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。如：
　　We spent the weekend at the Mary's.　我们在玛丽家过的周末。
　　2.What和 how引导的感叹句中，常可省略主语 it 和be动词 如：
　　a) What a wonderful victory (it is ) for Tom ! 这对Tom来说是个多么大的胜利呀!
　　b) How beautiful (it is ) to be treated like a normal child. 被当作一个正常孩子对待对他而言是多么美妙的一件事呀。
　　第四章 主谓一致
　　主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.　可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.
　　(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:
　　1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, togetherwith, like(象), but (除了),except,besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是),including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.
　　如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.
　　No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
　　2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:
　　The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
　　A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
　　用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
　　3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
　　Serving the people is my great happiness.
　　为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
　　When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
　　我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
　　4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
　　Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
　　No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
　　Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
　　5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
　　Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。
　　6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:
　　Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
　　More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到
　　More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。
　　7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:
　　None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。
　　None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。
　　8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods,glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:
　　His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:
　　A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。
　　9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
　　10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:
　　Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
　　注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如: