A man who grew up in a small village near Kathmandu has just come tothe city after some years of service in Singapore as a soldier. He felt verysorry when he came back to see the capital of his home country to be in a poorhealth. His deepest impression about the pollution in Kathmandu was thestinking trash thrown all over the places. On the large scale, he thought thatalthough Nepal has set some laws concerning garbage disposal, littlesupervision has been done. The police are paying, if any, little attention tothe garbage problem in the city. As he viewed it, the direct cause of suchcondition is a lack of proper places to dispose the garbage, and the smallnumber of garbage cars in position. Behind those two facts was the inactiveattitude of Municipality, the department in charge of health and clean affairs.
一个在加德满都长大的男子在新加坡当了几年兵后又回到了这个城市，当他看到家乡的破败时感到很伤心。他对于加德满都的污染最深刻的感受就是那些发臭的垃圾到处都有。虽然他知道尽管尼泊尔政府在宏观上已经制定一些关于垃圾处理的法律，但监督进行的还不到位。 警方对城市的垃圾问题也不太关心。当他分析造成这样的状况直接原因就是缺少合适的地方来处理这些垃圾，垃圾车的数量又少之又少。以上这两个因素间接证明了市政局（负责国民健康和垃圾清理的部门）消极的态度。

Bivek Gautam, 21 years old, who is studying at Tri-Chandra College,expresses his opinion that the uncompleted managing system in housing, factory,hospital industry is the main reason that results in the pollution. Unlimitedthrowing and unsystematically managing lead to a dramatically large number ofrubbish from these places. It is also partly because of the misplaced dust bins.They are not put in proper places but instead of being placed in the areaswhere is clean and tidy. He also attached another point to the problem: toomany political parties exist in Nepal, and they are busy arguing rather thantaking any effective actions toward certain problems. Thus, the poorenvironment of Kathmandu is seen as unimportant by government officials,resulting in a lack of fund and human resources for dust bins and city cleaning.
Bivek Gautam,21岁，在Tri-Chandra大学学习，表达了他的看法：不完善的工厂医院废物管理系统是导致污染最主要的原因。不受限制的随意丢弃和缺乏系统的垃圾管理导致这些地方污染严重。当然部分原因是因为垃圾桶放置不当，没有被放在合适的地方而是被放在干净整洁没有垃圾的地方。他也对这个问题加了另一点解释：在尼泊尔有太多政党的存在，他们忙于争权夺利而不是对这些问题采取有效的措施。因此，加德满都的环境污染对于政府官员来说无关紧要，导致了用于垃圾清理的资金和人力资源配置稀缺。

Despite of this, the government does not care for their people andcorruption has always been a tough question here in Nepal. The government isunwilling to bring changes to the current situation and make a better living environmentfor people. Moreover, the government spent most money into self-defense work,which contributes to a lack of public welfare spending. Diki, an 18-year-oldgirl who is also a college student now, holds the view that recycling andrubbish collecting system are also not efficient enough to deal with the dailyrubbish. Government also needs to realize the rubbish they are collecting isalso a new source of money-making, say, to produce fertilizer etc.
除此之外，尼泊尔政府对人民的忽视和贪污腐败的问题已十分严峻，政府没有意愿改善当前的环境并为老百姓营造良好的生活条件。而且，政府把大多数的钱投入到自我防卫的工作中，这就导致公众福利的匮乏。Diki,一个18岁的小女孩现在也是大学生，持有一些观点：重复利用和垃圾处理系统去处理日常生活中的垃圾也是不够的。政府也需要意识到垃圾收集也可以成为一个新的获取收益的渠道，比如，将其用于生产肥料等。

For the second main point, the general public is not aware of theserious problem they are facing. Lacking general education, the people do nothave knowledge about the protection towards the environment. Through our opinioncollection by questionnaires allocated to local people, a large percent of citizensclaimed that throwing rubbish on the street is a kind of habit for them. Adirector in Nepal, Viranjan Achargert, thought the lack of self-conscientiousof local people is the main reason. People tend to break the rule made by thegovernment even though they know what exactly they are doing. In terms ofmeasures, he suggests the idea of delivery of self-responsibility. If everysmall community could be responsible for their own cleaning work, it willaffect the whole town they are living, which also influence the whole province,till whole country finally.
对于第二点，平民大众也没有认识到他们正面临的严峻的问题。因为缺少正常的教育，人们缺少环保意识。通过我们从当地人收集的调查问卷发现，很大一部分市民说在大街上扔垃圾对他们来说是一种习惯。尼泊尔的主管，Viranjan Achargert ,认为当地居民责任心的缺乏是主要的原因。尽管已经知道自己应该怎么做的前提下，人们还是会违反政府制定的规章制度。就措施而言，他建议将责任心传递下去。如果每个团体都能对他们自己的清洁工作负责，那将会影响他们生活的整个城镇，也会影响整个省，最终影响整个国家。

Since the pollution is so severe in the city of Kathmandu, whatactions has the government taken to prevent it? What is their future plan? Withthese two questions, we held an interview with Mr. Gangadhar Gautam, a rankedofficial in the Environmental Department of Kathmandu.
尽管加德满都城的环境污染问题如此严重，政府采取什么措施去阻止它？他们未来的计划是什么?带着这些问题，我们对Gangadhar Gautam，一个高级公务员，关于加德满都环境发展问题进行了一个采访。

Mr. Gautam told us that the department is currently focusing onimproving its obsolete garbage disposing system. At present, almost all thedaily life wastes in Kathmandu are being disposed in this way: every dayworkers collect garbage from each home of the city, and the wastes will betransported to certain locations by trucks, then they are buried in thoselocations. In this procedure, the garbage is not separated into different kindsnor recycled, which means that those buried underground include all kinds of metal,plastic, paper, wood and others. This traditional garbage disposing system isnot only harmful to the environment but a waste of resources. The Department,therefore, intends to put more money on separating the garbage and is planningto set up a recycling system soon.
Gautam 告诉我们：有关部门就垃圾处理系统这一问题给予了很大关注。目前，几乎加德满都的所有日常生活产生的垃圾都以这样的方式进行处理：每天工人从城市的每家每户收集垃圾，垃圾将会被由卡车运送到指定的地点，然后在这个地方被填埋。但这种方式下，这些垃圾没有被分类也不会再被回收，这就意味着这些埋在地下的垃圾包含各种金属，塑料，纸，木材和其他的东西。这个传统的垃圾处理系统不仅危害环境同时也是是一种资源的浪费。因此有关部门打算将更多的钱投入到垃圾分类建设当中并且计划在不久的将来建立一个循环再利用系统。

The Environmental Department realizes that it is not doing much insetting up cleaning infrastructure, most significantly dustbins on the streets.Mr. Gautam assured that they are to be set up in the future. When we asked ifthe Department suffered from a financial shortage, Mr. Gautam said yes.However, he also pointed out that 23 percent of the government’s financialbudget goes to the Environmental Department.
环境保护部门意识到在建立环保基础设施（最重要的是垃圾箱）方面做得还不够，Gautam保证他们在将来会进行完善。当被问到是否有关部门会遭受经济资源短缺的问题，他说是的。然而，他也指出有百分之二十三的政府支出都会拨给环境保护部门。

He also indicated that the Department is covering the streets ofKathmandu with more trees and greenery to get rid of the dust in the city’sworsening air. A number of roads are to be expanded in the following years, andthe modification will proceed at the same time.
“The most important, though,” said Mr. Gautam, “is to raise publicawareness, and our Department is trying hard to do it.” He thinks that theimprovement of Kathmandu’s environment is impossible without the public’seffort, because most garbage on the street is thrown by the local people. “Weneed to work hard on telling people not to do that.”
他也宣称有关部门正在街道上种植绿树和绿色植物来吸收城市中被污染空气当中的尘埃。大多数的路都会被拓宽，并在接下来的几年里，一些相关法案的修正也会同时进行。
“最重要的是增加公众的环保意识，我们的有关部门正努力做到这一点”他认为加德满都环境的改善离不开公众的影响，因为大多数街上的垃圾都是当地的人扔的。“我们尽全力告诉人们不要这样做。”

At last, we will put forward some following suggestions to makeEFFORT to improve the status quo and RELEASE the problems fundamentally. Forthe government, firstly and most obviously, is to raise the level of the publicawareness of the environmental problem. In order to promote the populace’s cognitivesituation, the government has the duty to fund and support the educationenterprise. Since it has been a habit of throwing rubbish wherever, moreeffective rule of law and rubbish collecting reward system need to be set up.Moreover, it’s also up to each single individual to effect change which makesthe earth habitable. People can do more than what they think, such as to cleantheir own house and the area around the house, to plant trees and plantsnearby, to conserve energy when possible, to reuse and recycle. Small changesand little effort can make a big difference eventually.
在最后，我们将提出以下建议去提高政府的地位并且从根本上解决问题。对政府来说，首先最重要的，是提高人们对环保问题的认识水平。为了提高大众的认识水平，政府有责任投资并支持相关教育单位。因为到处扔垃圾已经成为一种习惯，所有需要确立更多有影响力的与垃圾处理相关的法律条文。而且，它也需要每一个人行动起来让地球变得更清洁。人们可以做的比他们想得要多要好，比如清理他们自己的房子和房子周围的区域，在附近种树和其他植物，尽可能的节约能源，促进资源的再回收和再利用。最终，微不足道的举动会带来巨大的改变。