Inversion 倒 装
概说
英语基本语序,即基本结构是主谓语序 ----Subject+ modal verb/ auxiliary verb + main verb + other sentence elements;
如将某些句子成分移至句首而引起主语和谓语词序的颠倒,则称为倒装。
倒装原因 1。语法结构的需要 2。 为了强调
分类
完全倒装 (Complete Inversion) ----整个谓语动词放在主语之前
结构: 提前部分+ 谓语动词+主语
部分倒装( Partial Inversion) ----靠助动词或情态动词构成倒装
结构: 提前部分+助动词(情态动词等)+主语+主要动词
完全倒装 (Complete inversion) ---整个谓语部分放在主语前面。一般用于一般现在时和一般过去
将状语here, there前移, there stands/ lies/ exists/ lives/ appears/ seems/rise/ remains
Here comes the bus. Here are some examples.
There goes the bell. There appeared to be only two spelling mistakes in her composition.
There remains a still more difficult task for us to finish.
Now, then 放在句首,动词往往是be, come, go 等
Now comes your turn. Then came the order to take off.
表示位置,方向的副词up, down, in, out, away, ahead,off 等移至句首--- (sentences beginning with an adverbial expression of place or direction)
Away went the visitors. Lower flew the eagle till it caught the rabbit.
The driver couldn’t control his car and down came the car. Up went the rocket.
A middle-aged lady with an elegant hat came in.
_______________a middle-aged lady with an elegant hat.
My pet kitten rushed out when the door was opened.
_______________my pet kitten when the door was opened.
A large temple stood on top of the mountain.
___________________stood a large temple.
但在此三种结构中,如主语是人称代词,则不引起倒装
Here he comes Aren’t you looking for your bag? Look, here it is. Higher and higher it flew.
4. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组+ be/ lie/ stand/ sit/live….vi+ subject
On the back wall hung a huge oil painting. In the centre of the square stands a high monument.
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
*** 5. 作表语的形容词或分词结构位于句首
Seated on the grass are a group of students. Lying about on the floor are books and magazines
Great and spacious is our beloved motherland.
6. 某些表示祝愿的句子的倒装
May you be happy. May the New Year bring you all your heart desires. 祝您新的一年心想事成 Long live our motherland.
部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)--- 将谓语的一部分,如助动词/情态动词移至主语之前,如句子没有助动词,则添加助动词do/does/did,置于主语之前
句首为含有否定意义的副词或带有no 的词组,如 never, not, little, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, nowhere, by no means, at no time, on no account(决不),in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances(无论如何不),etc.
Little does he care for himself. Not a single mistake did he make in the test.
By no means will the process be satisfactory.
Under no circumstances shall I change my attitude towards beauty.
At no time and in no circumstances should the fire doors of a building ever be locked.
In no case should students ever cheat in exams.
概说
英语基本语序,即基本结构是主谓语序 ----Subject+ modal verb/ auxiliary verb + main verb + other sentence elements;
如将某些句子成分移至句首而引起主语和谓语词序的颠倒,则称为倒装。
倒装原因 1。语法结构的需要 2。 为了强调
分类
完全倒装 (Complete Inversion) ----整个谓语动词放在主语之前
结构: 提前部分+ 谓语动词+主语
部分倒装( Partial Inversion) ----靠助动词或情态动词构成倒装
结构: 提前部分+助动词(情态动词等)+主语+主要动词
完全倒装 (Complete inversion) ---整个谓语部分放在主语前面。一般用于一般现在时和一般过去
将状语here, there前移, there stands/ lies/ exists/ lives/ appears/ seems/rise/ remains
Here comes the bus. Here are some examples.
There goes the bell. There appeared to be only two spelling mistakes in her composition.
There remains a still more difficult task for us to finish.
Now, then 放在句首,动词往往是be, come, go 等
Now comes your turn. Then came the order to take off.
表示位置,方向的副词up, down, in, out, away, ahead,off 等移至句首--- (sentences beginning with an adverbial expression of place or direction)
Away went the visitors. Lower flew the eagle till it caught the rabbit.
The driver couldn’t control his car and down came the car. Up went the rocket.
A middle-aged lady with an elegant hat came in.
_______________a middle-aged lady with an elegant hat.
My pet kitten rushed out when the door was opened.
_______________my pet kitten when the door was opened.
A large temple stood on top of the mountain.
___________________stood a large temple.
但在此三种结构中,如主语是人称代词,则不引起倒装
Here he comes Aren’t you looking for your bag? Look, here it is. Higher and higher it flew.
4. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组+ be/ lie/ stand/ sit/live….vi+ subject
On the back wall hung a huge oil painting. In the centre of the square stands a high monument.
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
*** 5. 作表语的形容词或分词结构位于句首
Seated on the grass are a group of students. Lying about on the floor are books and magazines
Great and spacious is our beloved motherland.
6. 某些表示祝愿的句子的倒装
May you be happy. May the New Year bring you all your heart desires. 祝您新的一年心想事成 Long live our motherland.
部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)--- 将谓语的一部分,如助动词/情态动词移至主语之前,如句子没有助动词,则添加助动词do/does/did,置于主语之前
句首为含有否定意义的副词或带有no 的词组,如 never, not, little, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, nowhere, by no means, at no time, on no account(决不),in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances(无论如何不),etc.
Little does he care for himself. Not a single mistake did he make in the test.
By no means will the process be satisfactory.
Under no circumstances shall I change my attitude towards beauty.
At no time and in no circumstances should the fire doors of a building ever be locked.
In no case should students ever cheat in exams.