(今天的句子是来自英国卫报）
The NHS (National Health Service) has approved the creation of chains of hospitals for the first time in its history in a bid to tackle its deep financial problems and to allow more patients to be cared for by leading doctors in their fields. It will see highly respected institutions, such as Moorfields eye hospital in London and Manchester’s Christie cancer centre, providing specialist services to patients potentially many miles away in another part of England.
1. Why the NHS has approved the creation of chains of hospitals?
(A)To address the serious economic setbacks facing the hospital
(B)To improve the medical facilities of the chains of hospitals
(C)To help more patients receive care from respected
institutions
(D)To provide specialist services to more hospitals to help patients.

英国国家医疗服务系统（NHS）首次批准了设立的连锁医院，以解决其严重的金融问题，并让更多的患者受到各领域的一流医生的照料。此计划将促使备受推崇的机构，如伦敦的摩菲眼科医院和曼彻斯特的克里斯蒂癌症研究中心，为远在英国其它地方的患者提供专业的服务。
解析：答案Ｃ
　　　定位到第一句：The NHS (NationalHealth Service) has approved the creation of chains of hospitals for the firsttime in its history in a bid to tackle its deep financial problems and to allowmore patients to be cared for by leading doctors in their fields. 英国国家医疗服务系统（NHS）首次批准了设立的连锁医院，以解决其严重的金融问题，并让更多的患者受到各领域的一流医生的照料。
问因果找因果，C选项就是第二个原因啊！只是在替换的时候我用到了下一句中的词汇来替换leading doctors in their fields= respected institutions;就好像我们遇到过的：thesupreme court = the Justices; 是一个道理。
Ａ选项：大家注意哦原文中说的是its也就是NHS面对经济问题而不是，hospitals（医院）面对经济问题（facing主动表被动）， 这是典型的偷换啊！没想到会有那么多人上当，看来还是需要继续切分哦！（这个选项给我们的提示就是一定要关注指代！）
B选项说提升连锁医院的医疗设备就更不对了，题干问的是为什么同意设立连锁医院；这根本就是不知所云，出题人脑子“瓦塔”了瞎胡编的一个答案。
D选项说提供专业的服务给更多的医院来帮助病人。也不是题干的原因啊！

Butthe two men, when focusing their masterly powers upon the defense and interpretationof that mode of Romantic poetry in which their own creative energies were for atime absorbed, produced criticism which has affected the whole subsequent developmentof English literature.

1But the two men/, 2when focusing their masterly powers upon the defense and interpretation of that mode of Romantic poetry /3in which their own creative energies were for a time absorbed,/ 4produced criticism/ 5which has affected the whole subsequent development of English literature.
(32154) （先别看数字，往后看！）
主干识别： Two men produced criticism
两个人写出了评论
其他成分：when focusing their masterly powers upon the defense and interpretation of that mode of Romantic poetry in which their own creative energies were for a time
absorbed 状语
which has affected the whole subsequent development of English literature. 定语
这种评论影响此后整个英国文学的发展；
微观分析：when focusing their masterly powers upon the defense and interpretation of that mode of Romantic poetry
这个是时间状语；
（focusing的动作发出者就是two men）
Focus one’s power upon sth
当这两人把主要的精力用来捍卫（defense）和解释（
interpretation）
浪漫主义诗歌这一形式时，
（that of mode of Romantic poetry 其中that of 就是为了表示语言的正式性而已，没有实际的意义。）
their own creative energies were for a time absorbed
定语从句
their own creative energies were for a time absorbed in
初译：曾经他们自己的创造的精力也被吸收于其中
改译：曾经他们也致力于创作这类诗歌；
最后的调序：但是，这两人曾经也致力于创作浪漫主义诗歌，当他们把主要的精力用来捍卫（defense）和解释（interpretation）浪漫主义 诗歌这一形式时，就写出了影响此后整个英国文学发展的文学评论。
(再回过头看看是不是我后面写的这个顺序32154)
当然你这样翻译也是可以的：
但是当他们把主要的精力用来捍卫（defense）和解释（interpretation）浪漫主义诗歌这一形式时（曾经他们也致力于创作浪漫主义诗歌），就写出了影响此后整个英国文学发展的文学评论。

The emphasis in this new workplace culture was on the participation of the employees and the needs of the customers.

这个句子虽然短，但是非常有特色：
主干识别：The emphasis was on theparticipation and the needs
直接生硬的翻译就是：
强调在于参与和需求；
这样明显不通顺，我们就可以思考了：
The emphasis 是动态名词是可以转译为动词的啊；
this new workplace culture就是emphasis动作的发出者，这样就可以做中文中的主语了！
这就是传说中的句子的深层结构。
于是我们就有了这样漂亮的翻译了：
这一新的工场文化强调员工的参与和顾客的需要

再来感受一下这个句子：
Abundant exercise and problems are provided in this reference book.
这个参考书提供了大量的练习和问题。
同样是把介词短语中的名词翻译为了主语哦。
是不是感觉有点懂了啊？
不用纠结，见多了就会了！我知道你们会说：还是想不到啊！从会到熟是有一个过程的！下次见到你们一定会的！重要的事情说三遍啊：）

Within two months of the introduction of the euro, at the end ofFebruary 2002, the member nations of the European Union held a convention forthe purpose of considering the creation of a Europe-wide constitution.
(再次强调动词转译为名词哦）

Donald Trump slanders Mexican immigrants as drug
dealers and rapists, calls America “a dumping ground” for foreigners and promises to make the country “great again” by getting rid of 11
million of them.“Immigration without assimilation is invasion,” says Bobby Jindal, repeatedly.On and on, the fever rages. But this
week, a cool blast of reason blew in from outside the fray. A team of scholars presented exhaustive evidence that anti-immigrant bigotry is baseless and that the truism about America as a” melting pot” is – nokidding – still true. The basic conclusion is that the machinery of American assimilation is
working pretty well after nearly two and a half centuries.
1.What is the opinion of scholars about the immigrants according to the passage?
(A) The immigrants have hardly been assimilated in the “melting pot”recently.
(B) A more reasonable opinion should be blew on the immigrants.
(C) More immigrants should be assimilated to make the country great.
(D) anti-immigrant bigotry is the truism with no kidding.

参考译文：唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)
诽谤移民是毒贩子和强奸犯，称美国是接收外国人的“垃圾场”，并承诺要赶走1100万外国人，好让美国“重新变得伟大”。“没有同化的移民是入侵，”博比·金达尔(Bobby Jindal)反复说。实在是一派群情激奋的景象。但本周，一股冷静的理智从外面传了进来。一队学者提出了全面的证据，证明反移民偏执是没有根据的，并表示说美国是一个大熔炉的老生常谈——说真的——依然是符合现实的。基本的结论是，近两个半世纪后，美国的同化这台机器运转得非常好。

今天翻译的句子是关于经济学的，绝对考研难度！
This does not necessarily constitute economics as the “master science,” with the other social sciences subordinate to it; but it does signify that, if there is such a thing as a master science, economics has the first
claim to that position among the social sciences.

This does not necessarily constitute economics as the “master science,”/ with the other social sciences subordinate to it(独立主格，单独成句就好）; but it does signify that, if there is such a thing as a master science, economics has the first claim to that position among the social sciences.
这不一定让经济学成为“主科学”，（也就是说）让其他社会科学学科都从属于它。但如果真的有这么一种主科学的话 ，这确实意味着在社会科学学科中，经济学第一个有权利获得这一地位。

We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling.

主干识别：We are thus led to distinguisha more formal kind of education
其他成分：within the broad educationalprocess 状语
which we have beenso far considering “ process”的定语
that of directtuition or schooling. 同位语
翻译点拨：词汇的处理
distinguish 区分出…
consider考虑/讨论
tuition 直接讲授
schooling 学校教育
主句的处理
We are thus led todistinguish a more formal kind of education
直接翻译为：我们进而被引导去区分…(引导我们的就是我们自己)
翻译中常常是将被动变为主动，“得以…”是常见的替换方式，在我的课程笔记中是可以看到的。
同位语的处理：
that of directtuition or schooling.
记中是可以看到的。
所以可以改译为：这就使我们进而得以去区分一种更加正式的教育。
状语的处理：
within the broadeducational process which we have been so far considering
定语从句可以前置
，在（我们）一直讨论的广义的教育过程中，
代词“我们”和主句的“我们”重复了，可以省略。
同位语可以处理为:“也就是…”
That 指代前面的正式教育，只是为了语言更正式可以不翻译。
参考译文： 这就使我们进而得以在一直讨论的广义的教育过程中去区分出一种更加正式的教育，也就是直接讲授或学校教育。
特别提示：
在翻译的过程中我们一直在遵循一种原则，那就是：
2+1 = 2 (加词不加意)
2-1 = 2（减词不减意）的原则。

COMPANIES do not like to be abandoned any more than lovers do. Workers who quit are sometimes escorted out by security guards, their smartphones confiscated and their e-mail accounts
deactivated. But in the professional services, former employees are increasingly treated as assets, not turncoats.