玩游戏是好还是坏呢？

The video game industry is a global phenomenon. There are more than 1.2 billion gamers across the planet, with sales projected soon to pass $100bn (£65bn) per year.全球化的游戏经济发展
The games frequently stand accused of causing violence and addiction. Yet three decades of research have failed to produce consensus among scientists.游戏所带来的上瘾暴力等负面问题
In laboratory studies, some researchers have found an increase of about 4% in gamers' levels of aggression after playing violent games.实验发现4%的游戏者在暴力游戏后变得更有侵略性
But other research groups have concluded factors such as family background, mental health or simply being male are more significant in determining levels of aggression.另有研究发现生活背景、性别和心理状态等对暴力倾向也有影响
What is certain is that science has failed to find a causal link between video games and real-world acts of violence.所以游戏和真实世界的暴力行为是不是有直接关系？
But away from the controversy, a growing body of work is beginning to show these games in a different light.也许游戏对应生长发育有不同效果
那究竟游戏是好是坏？请看小编为大家详细讲解，请看下文：
Motor skill 操作能力
In the game, players must guide a child and her pet robot out of a mine.
But this is no ordinary game. Dr Hoedemaker is a keyhole surgeon, and Underground is designed to hone磨练the skills of his profession.
Players use adapted controllers that mimic 模仿the tools used in surgery - and those who perform well in the game also do better in tests of their surgical外科的 skills.
Visual abilities视觉能力
Around the world, other researchers are investigating the potential hidden benefits in video games.
At the University of Geneva, Prof Daphne Bavelier has compared the visual abilities of gamers and non-gamers.
In one test, subjects must try to keep track of the position of multiple moving objects.
She has found that individuals who play action video games perform markedly better than those who do not.
Prof Bavelier's theory is that fast action games require the player constantly to switch their attention from one part of the screen to another while also staying vigilant 警惕的for other events in the environment.
This challenges the brain, making it process incoming visual information more efficiently.
Brain growth 脑部发育
At the Max-Planck Institute of Human Behaviour, in Berlin, Prof Simone Kuhn also researches the effects of the video games on the brain.
In one study, she used fMRI (functional MRI) technology to study the brains of subjects as they played Super Mario 64 DS, over a period of two months.
Remarkably, she found that three areas of the brain had grown - the prefrontal cortex前额皮质, righthippocampus海马体 and cerebellum小脑 - all involved in navigation and fine motor control.
The visual layout布局 of this game is distinctive有特色的: a 3D view on the top screen and a 2D map view on the bottom.
Prof Kuhn believes having to navigate simultaneously 同时的in different ways may be what stimulates brain growth.
Keeping sharp 延缓衰老
Arguably the most exciting field of research is exploring the potential of video games to tackle mental decline in old age.
While electronic "brain training" games have long had enormous popular appeal, there is no hard evidence playing them has any effect beyond improving your score
But at the University of California, San Francisco, Prof Adam Gazzaley and a team of video game designers have created a game with a difference: Neuroracer.
Aimed at 针对 older players, it requires individuals to steer a car while at the same time performing other tasks.
After playing the game for 12 hours, Prof Gazzaley found pensioners had improved their performance so much they were beating 20-year-olds playing it for the first time.
He also measured improvements in their working memory and attention span.
Crucially, this showed that skills improved through playing the game were transferable into the real world.
To test whether off-the-shelf现成的 games might bring similar benefits to elderly players, the BBC's Horizon programme recruited a small group of older volunteers from a sheltered housing complex in Glasgow.
They learned to play a popular karting卡丁车 game, clocking up about 15 hours each over five weeks. Their working memory and attention spans持续 were tested before and after.
On average, both these scores increased by about 30%.
Although this was only a small test, larger scientific studies will continue to explore the effects of playing video games.
Prof Gazzaley believes we are only just beginning to tap their potential.
"I'm intrigued with the idea that in the future a psychiatrist or neurologist might pull out their pad and instead of writing down a drug, writes down a tablet game times two months, and uses that as a therapy, as a digital medicine," he says. 游戏有可能在将来变成一种数字化的医疗手段