对外经济贸易大学考博英语历年真题及详解
【弘博学习网 】在线阅读资料
http://acme.100xuexi.com/Ebook/156691.html
目录
2011年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题
2008年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2007年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2006年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2005年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
考试科目：1101经济英语
基础英语部分（共50分）
Please write all your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Part One Reading (15 points)
Directions: Read the article below and fulfill the tasks that follow the article.
AS the planet warms, floods, storms, rising seas and drought will uproot millions of people and with dire wider consequences. Barack Obama, collecting his Nobel peace prize, said that climate change “will fuel more conflict for decades”, He took the analysis not from environmental scaremongers but from a group of American generals.
The forecast is close (1) becoming received wisdom. A flurry of new books with titles such as “Global Warring” and “Climate Conflict” offer near-apocalyptic visions. Cleo Paskal, at the Royal Institute of International Affairs in London, predicts those floods, storms, the failure of the Indian monsoon and agricultural collapse will bring “enormous mad specific, geopolitical, economic, and security consequences for all of us...the world of tomorrow looks chaotic and violent”. Jeffrey Mazo of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, also in London, calls climate change an “existential threat” and fears it could usher (2) “state failure and internal conflict” in exposed places, notably Africa.
Yet surprisingly few facts support these alarming assertions. Widely touted forecasts such as for 200m climate refugees in fire next few decades seem to have been plucked (3) the air. Little or no academic research has looked at questions such as whether Bangladeshis displaced by a rising sea would move a series of short distances over a long period, or (more disruptively) a greater distance immediately.
So scientists preparing the fifth report of the Intergovernrnental Panel on Climate Change, due in 2013, are for the first time including a chapter on threats to human security. An early effort came at a conference last month in Norway, (4) the auspices of the Peace Research Institute in Oslo.
One idea is to find previous occasions when big environmental changes came (5) social, political and military shifts. Droughts in the Central Asian steppe, for example, led to mass westward migration and the “barbarian” invasions that helped topple the Roman Empire. Hunger and drought led to the collapse of Mayan civilization a millennium ago. Sudden cooling wiped out an early European settlement on Greenland. The Dust B0wl of the 1930s forced over 2m people to migrate within the United States.
Those examples may be relevant in Africa, where in many countries around three-quarters of the population survive by cultivating a few varieties of crops watered directly by rain, the form of farming most vulnerable (6) climate change. Africa has warmed by 0.5℃ on average in the past half century, and may heat by 1.5-4℃ more this century. Heat hits cereal yields (especially maize), perhaps by 10-20% for a 1℃ rise. Rainfall patterns will also shift.
【弘博学习网 】在线阅读资料
http://acme.100xuexi.com/Ebook/156691.html目录
2011年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题2008年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2007年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2006年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
2005年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解
考试科目：1101经济英语
基础英语部分（共50分）
Please write all your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Part One Reading (15 points)
Directions: Read the article below and fulfill the tasks that follow the article.
AS the planet warms, floods, storms, rising seas and drought will uproot millions of people and with dire wider consequences. Barack Obama, collecting his Nobel peace prize, said that climate change “will fuel more conflict for decades”, He took the analysis not from environmental scaremongers but from a group of American generals.
The forecast is close (1) becoming received wisdom. A flurry of new books with titles such as “Global Warring” and “Climate Conflict” offer near-apocalyptic visions. Cleo Paskal, at the Royal Institute of International Affairs in London, predicts those floods, storms, the failure of the Indian monsoon and agricultural collapse will bring “enormous mad specific, geopolitical, economic, and security consequences for all of us...the world of tomorrow looks chaotic and violent”. Jeffrey Mazo of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, also in London, calls climate change an “existential threat” and fears it could usher (2) “state failure and internal conflict” in exposed places, notably Africa.
Yet surprisingly few facts support these alarming assertions. Widely touted forecasts such as for 200m climate refugees in fire next few decades seem to have been plucked (3) the air. Little or no academic research has looked at questions such as whether Bangladeshis displaced by a rising sea would move a series of short distances over a long period, or (more disruptively) a greater distance immediately.
So scientists preparing the fifth report of the Intergovernrnental Panel on Climate Change, due in 2013, are for the first time including a chapter on threats to human security. An early effort came at a conference last month in Norway, (4) the auspices of the Peace Research Institute in Oslo.
One idea is to find previous occasions when big environmental changes came (5) social, political and military shifts. Droughts in the Central Asian steppe, for example, led to mass westward migration and the “barbarian” invasions that helped topple the Roman Empire. Hunger and drought led to the collapse of Mayan civilization a millennium ago. Sudden cooling wiped out an early European settlement on Greenland. The Dust B0wl of the 1930s forced over 2m people to migrate within the United States.
Those examples may be relevant in Africa, where in many countries around three-quarters of the population survive by cultivating a few varieties of crops watered directly by rain, the form of farming most vulnerable (6) climate change. Africa has warmed by 0.5℃ on average in the past half century, and may heat by 1.5-4℃ more this century. Heat hits cereal yields (especially maize), perhaps by 10-20% for a 1℃ rise. Rainfall patterns will also shift.
