·舌裂[split tongue]
·舌脓肿(溃疡)[tongue abscess (ulcer)]
·舌乳头(体,背)[papillae (body, dorsum) of tongue]
·舌苔[coated (furred) tongue]
·地图(草莓,镜面)舌[geographic (strawberry, marror face) tongue]
·裂纹(牛肉)舌[wrinkled (beefy) tongue]
·毛舌[hairy tongue]
·舌光滑(粗糙)[smooth (rough) tongue]
·舌滤泡[lingual follicles]
·舌干燥[sausarism]
·舌肌萎缩(肥厚)[atrophy (hypertrophy) of tongue muscle]
·舌系带过短[tongue tie (ankyloglossia)]
·舌下囊肿(溃疡,脓肿,肿块)[sublingnal cyst (ulcer, abscess, tumor)]
·伸舌困难(偏斜)[difficulty (deviation) of tongue extenison movement]
18、咽和扁桃体[pharynx and tonsil]
·鼻(口)咽[nasal (oral) pharynx]
·扁桃体不肿大[no enlargement of tonsil]
·无充血和渗出[no injection (congestion) and exudate]
·脓点(滤泡,白色小点)[beads of pus (follicle, white particle)]
·扁桃体出血(感染,肥大,溃疡)[hemorrhage (infection, hypertrophy, ulcer) of tonsil]
·扁桃体肿大[swelling of tonsil]
·扁桃体(后,周围)脓肿[tonsillar (retrotonsillar, peritonsillar) abscess]
·扁桃体缺如[tonsil deletion]
·扁桃体隐窝(窝)[tonsillar crypts (fossa)]
·咽部异物(溃疡,分泌物)[pharyneal foreign body (ulcer, secretion)]
·咽后壁淋巴滤泡增生[retropharyneal folliculosis]
·咽部干燥(疱疹,充血,水肿)[dryness (herpes, congestion, swelling) of throat]
·咽反射[pharynx reflex]
·咽下不能[dysphagia]
·腮腺肿大[enlargement of parotid gland]
19、喉[larynx]
·白喉(喉白斑)[diphtheritic croup (leukoplakia of larynx)]
·喉闭锁[atretolemia]
·喉梗阻[laryngemphraxis (laryngeal obstruction)]
·喉痉挛(狭窄)[laryngeal spasm(laryngo-stenosis)]
·喉头痉挛[laryngospasm]
·喉反射[laryngeal reflex]
·喉坏死(钙化)[necrosis (calcification)of larynx]
·喉瘘(囊肿,脓肿,息肉,血肿,异物)[laryngeal fistula(cyst,abscess,polyp,hematoma,foreign body)]
·喉膨出[laryngocele]
·喉缺失[absence of largnx]
·喉头水肿[laryngeal edema]
·声嘶(哑)[hoarseness (dumbness)]
·变(失)声[mutation (loss) of voice]
·失音[aphonia]
·发音(构音)障碍[pararthria (dysarthria)]
·喉部感觉缺失[laryngeal anesthesia]
·会厌发育不全(擦伤,裂,囊肿,脓肿)[agenesis (abrasion, fissure, cyst, abscess) of epiglottis]
·会厌分叉(结节)[bifid epiglottis(epiglottic tubercle)]
·声带肥厚[hypertrophy of vocal cords]
·声带麻痹[vocal cord paralysis]
·声带小结[vocal nodule]
·声带息肉[polyp of vocal cord]
·声门痉挛[glottis spasm]
·声门下狭窄[subglottic stenosis]
20、颈部[neck]
·颈部创伤[neck trauma]
·颈部淋巴结(囊肿)[cervical lymph node (cyst)]
·颈动脉窦按摩[carotid sinus massage]
·颈强直[neck rigidity (stiff-neck rigidity, stiff neck)]
·颈软[soft neck (supple)]
·斜颈[torticollis]
·角弓反张[opisthotonus]
·颈静脉搏动(曲张)[jugular pulse (varicosity)]
·颈静脉怒张[jugular vein distention (JVD)]
·颈静脉充盈(怒张)[jugular vein is full(distention and prominence)]
·库斯毛氏征[Kussmaul`s sign]
·肝颈反流[hepatojugular reflex]
·收缩期(舒张期)囊颤[systolic (diastolic) thrill]
·颈动脉搏动异常(增强、减弱、消失)[abnormal carotid pulsation (increase, decrease, disappearance)]
21、甲状腺[thyroid]
·弥漫(局灶,结节)性甲状腺肿大[diffuse (local, nodular) thyroid enlargement]
·甲状腺震颤[thyroid tremor]
·震颤[thrill]
·甲状腺血管杂音[thyroid vascular murmur]
·甲状腺峡部[isthmus of thyroid gland]
·甲状旁腺[parathyroid gland]
·甲状腺囊肿(滤泡、肿块,出血)[thyroid cyst (follicle, tumor, hemorrhage)]
22、气管[trachea]
·气管插管[endotracheal intubation]
·气管痉挛[tracheospasm]
·气管囊肿(息肉、狭窄、移位)[tracheal cyst (polyp, stenosis ,displacement)]
·气管(向右)偏移[displacement of trachea (tracheal deviation to the right)]
·气管居中[trachea is in the midline]
·气管内异物[intratracheal foreign body]