I do not know whether, upon the whole, it would not be more advisable to do something for their mother while she lives, rather than for them.
你题目的问法 我看欠妥,因为这句 是陈述作者的纠结。
非要回答你的疑问,按我个人理解,
可依据其中多个字眼,推断句子的暗示:作者更容易接受下面的观点:
it would be more advisable to do something for their mother while she lives, rather than for them.
继续杜撰,就是:
某个原因导致作者开始怀疑自己的原先观点,
因此就该用 would not,而且前面戴上 I do not know whether 这顶帽子。