所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语。夹心修饰也是GMAT语考试中一个难点，今天我们就来说一下GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”的内容。
　　夹心修饰的理解：
　　所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词。
　　真题1：
　　Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have become about ten percent greener since 1980, due to more vigorous plant growth associated with warmer temperatures and higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
　　A. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
B. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, and they report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
　　C. After analyzing data gathered by weather satellites, scientists report that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
　　D. After analysis of data, gathered by weather satellites, scientists report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
　　E. After data gathered by weather satellites was analyzed by scientists, who report that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
　　翻译：
　　对气象卫星收集的数据进行了分析，科学家报告，自1980年以来，地球的北半球已经更绿了百分之十，是因为更迅猛的植物生长，气温升高和大气中二氧化碳含量升到更高的层次。

句式：
　　After analyzing data gathered by ...scientists report that...due to....
　　思路：
　　读原句，句子结构不完整，扫视选项，有分词在句首，考虑逻辑主语。
　　选项：
　　A. 在题目中如果能用主动语态的情况尽量不用被动;后面分词的逻辑主语不对;
　　B. 在题目中如果能用主动语态的情况尽量不用被动;as 后不能跟动名词having become;后面应该直接加名词;都表示作为成为的意思;
　　C. 正确;scientists做analyzing data的主语;
　　D. gathered by weather satellites夹心修饰;as 后不能跟动名词having become;后面应该直接加名词;都表示作为成为的意思;
　　E. 句子结构不完整，主句没有谓语动词。
　　真题2：
　　On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

　　A. On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
　　B. With a law passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
　　C. A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding
　　D. Because of a law passed in 1933 making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold
　　E. Due to a law being passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold
　　翻译：
　　因为1933年的法令使美国公民携带黄金犯罪处以坐牢处罚，移民们发现他们在到达美国的时候就必须交出身上的全部黄金了。
　　句式：考试咨询
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前程百利GMATGMAT语法 > GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”
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GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”
信息来源：网络 发布时间:2016-06-12
摘 要：所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语。夹心修饰也是GMAT语考试中一个难点，今天我们就来说一下GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”的内容。
关键字：GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”,GMAT语法考试
　　所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语。夹心修饰也是GMAT语考试中一个难点，今天我们就来说一下GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”的内容。
　　夹心修饰的理解：
　　所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词。
　　真题1：
　　Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have become about ten percent greener since 1980, due to more vigorous plant growth associated with warmer temperatures and higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
　　A. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
　　B. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, and they report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
　　C. After analyzing data gathered by weather satellites, scientists report that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
　　D. After analysis of data, gathered by weather satellites, scientists report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
　　E. After data gathered by weather satellites was analyzed by scientists, who report that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
　　翻译：
　　对气象卫星收集的数据进行了分析，科学家报告，自1980年以来，地球的北半球已经更绿了百分之十，是因为更迅猛的植物生长，气温升高和大气中二氧化碳含量升到更高的层次。
　　句式：
　　After analyzing data gathered by ...scientists report that...due to....
　　思路：
　　读原句，句子结构不完整，扫视选项，有分词在句首，考虑逻辑主语。
　　选项：
　　A. 在题目中如果能用主动语态的情况尽量不用被动;后面分词的逻辑主语不对;
　　B. 在题目中如果能用主动语态的情况尽量不用被动;as 后不能跟动名词having become;后面应该直接加名词;都表示作为成为的意思;
　　C. 正确;scientists做analyzing data的主语;
　　D. gathered by weather satellites夹心修饰;as 后不能跟动名词having become;后面应该直接加名词;都表示作为成为的意思;
　　E. 句子结构不完整，主句没有谓语动词。
　　真题2：
　　On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them.
　　A. On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
　　B. With a law passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold
　　C. A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding
　　D. Because of a law passed in 1933 making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold
　　E. Due to a law being passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold
　　翻译：
　　因为1933年的法令使美国公民携带黄金犯罪处以坐牢处罚，移民们发现他们在到达美国的时候就必须交出身上的全部黄金了。
　　句式：
　　Because of …, immigrants found that …
　　思路：
　　主谓一致的动词形式不同;阐明法规的内容用ing形式;分词短语放在句中，就常出现逻辑主语混乱，因为可能从语法上说同时可以向前或者向后修饰。
　　选项：
　　A. hold与a United States citizen主谓不一致;making放在句中夹心修饰;
　　B. hold与a United States citizen主谓不一致;阐明法律法规的内容习惯使用doing;with短语做伴随状语，逻辑主语为immigrants，表达的是law是为immigrants拥有的，逻辑错误;
　　C. A law passed in 1993 that…有作为immigrants同位语的歧义;法律法规习惯使用doing;
　　D. 正确;Making紧跟修饰词law，作为法律法规内容解释;
　　E. a law being passed"中的being表达逻辑意思不正确,being更多表达状态，而这里的law早已在1933年就passed了。
　　以上就是关于GMAT语法考试“夹心修饰”的内容介绍，希望考生通过以上内容，不断夯实自己的知识点，熟练做题技巧，提升解题能力以及分析能力，争取都能取得理想成绩。

所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语。今天我们就给大家说一下GMAT语法夹心修饰和修饰歧义。
　　修饰歧义：
　　现在分词结构在句尾可作定语修饰紧临的名词，也可作状语修饰整个句子，所以在这种情况下需要特别注意，通常优先作定语修饰名词，如果不符合逻辑，则是作状语修饰句子，如果二者都能理解符合逻辑，则说明该分词结构有修饰歧义。多个修饰成分在修饰相同的对象时，之间要加上连词，否则会导致修饰歧义。
　　Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined that there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times as rare as China's giant pandas.
　　(A) Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined that there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times as rare as
　　(B) Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, researchers have determined, making them many times more rare than
　　(C) There are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined, which makes the leopards many times more rare compared to
　　(D) Researchers have determined that, because of being poached and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, thus making them many more times as rare as
　　(E) Researchers have determined that, because of poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times more rare than
　　句子结构：Researchers have determined that, because of…, …, and that…Determined后跟that引导的并列的宾语从句说明determine的内容，because of…作插入语说明原因。

考点：比较、逻辑表达
　　1) 比较-倍数的表达，表达倍数用“… times + more +adj.+than，… time as +adj.+than”都正确。
　　2) 逻辑表达，状语位置不能随意改变。
　　(A) due to…原因状语修饰主句，修饰对象错误。
　　(B) researchers have determined位置错误，产生修饰歧义;现在分词结构making…有修饰researchers have determined的歧义。
　　(C) researchers have determined位置错误，产生修饰歧义;which不能指代句子;more… compared to搭配错误。
　　(D) 现在分词making…修饰对象不清楚;many more times中more多余。
　　(E) 正确，determine后跟并列的宾语从句，many times more … than…比较结构表达准确。
　　》》点击了解GMAT语法定语就近修饰
　　夹心修饰：
　　所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词。
　　When a ton of wheat was being moved from Buffalo to New York City before the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, it took three weeks and cost $100, but when the canal was used, it took less than eight days and cost less than $6.
　　A. When a ton of wheat was being moved from Buffalo to New York City before the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, it took three weeks and cost $100, but when the canal was used, it

　　B. Moving a ton of wheat from Buffalo to New York City before the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, it took three weeks and cost $100; using the canal, it
　　C. Before the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, moving a ton of wheat from Buffalo to New York City took three weeks and cost $100; on the canal the move
　　D. In 1825, before opening the Erie Canal, to move a ton of wheat took three weeks from Buffalo to New York City, which cost $100; moving it on the canal
　　E. To move a ton of wheat in 1825 from Buffalo to New York City took three weeks before the opening of the Erie Canal, costing $100, but in using the canal, the move
　　翻译：
　　在伊利运河开凿前，一吨小麦从布法罗被运到纽约市于1825年，花了三个星期，耗资100，但是当运河被使用，运输花了不到8天，并花费少于$ 6。
　　句式：
　　Before the opening of the Erie Canal in 1829,moving a ton of wheat took three weeks, on the canal the move took three weeks, but when... It took....
　　思路：
　　考的就是对称，对比 有了canal 之前和之后，那么最好用两个句子完成，中间 用分号隔开，形成对比。见到it 考虑指代是否恰当。
　　选项：
　　A. it 语义上是指a ton was moved from B to N这一个过程，但是语法上指a ton of wheat;
　　B. 同A，it指代错误，it不能指代一个句子。Moving修饰句子后面的it,逻辑语义不对;
　　C. 正确;
　　D. which 就近指代了new york;
　　E. 从结构上看，由于 but 前面是逗号，costing 即可以伴随前面的 took 3 weeks，也可以与后面的 using the canal 并列，是“夹心饼干”。而且 the move 不可作 in using the canal 的逻辑主语，其逻辑主语应该是人。
　　》》点击了解GMAT句子改错之修饰语

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
ABeatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, 分析该选项
BIn her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter 分析该选项
CIn her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
DCarefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations 分析该选项
EBeatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and 分析该选项
我开始选了E，仔细研究了半天，确实还是C准确，E得通过句意排除。
首先原文想表达的意思的翻译是：在与她的叙述细心整合的书中插图里，BP利用了她对自然世界敏锐的观察和热爱。
A错，因为coordinating有修饰歧义，可能修饰book illustrations，导致illustrations coordinate illustrations, 不合理。
B错，同样因为夹心修饰歧义，coordinating可能修饰book illistrations，导致跟A一样结果。
C，按照26楼的说法，是有点awkward，但是修饰都没问题，表达意思也没问题。which引导的从句，解释了书中插图，是已经被她与她的叙述进行了细心整合的。
D错，coordinated 修饰BP，成了BP被与她的叙述协调一致了。
E，首先them指代没问题，这里coordinated 就不是分词而是动词了，与后面的capitalized平行。但是整句话的意思就变成了：在BP的书中插图里，BP小心的将插图与叙述进行了整合，并且利用了她对自然世界敏锐的观察和热爱。这样就跟原文意思有出入了，原文想表达的是后面的：BP利用她的观察和热爱，在怎样怎样的插图里。coordinate只是用来修饰是怎样的一个插图。
Over.
A、B之所以錯，是因為它違反意思單一原則，其中的coordinating分詞短語的修飾關係是模糊的，既可修飾illustrations，又可修飾後面的主句。
D錯，是因為它違反了保證原句意思的原則。其中coordinated過去分詞短語在句首，就表明了該短語修飾主詞：Beatrix Potter，改變了句意。
而E中，由於其將coordinate與capitalize並列作為主要動詞，改變了本屬於從屬地位的coordinating短語，從而改變了句子重心（coordinate與capitalize兩個動作毫不相關，並列起來不恰當）。
C意思單一，which從句限定修飾illustrations，主從關係明確，為正確答案。
Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
AOriginally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, 分析该选项
BOriginally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission 分析该选项
CA technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, 分析该选项
DA technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it, 分析该选项
EA technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced X-ray emission, 分析该选项
2个Modifier不能在一起

Found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbird’s range extends from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea- level rain forests to the edges of Andean snowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15000 feet.
AFound only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, hummingbird’s range extends 分析该选项
BFound only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirds survive though extremes of climate, their range extending
CHumming birds, found only in the western Hemisphere and surviving though extremes of climate, with their range extending 分析该选项
DHumming birds, found only in the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends 分析该选项
EHummingbirds are found only in the Western Hemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends 分析该选项

Although she was considered among her contemporaries to be the better poet than her husband, later Elizabeth Barrett Browning was overshadowed by his success.
AAlthough she was considered among her contemporaries to be the better poet than her husband, later Elizabeth Barrett Browning was overshadowed by his success. 分析该选项
BAlthough Elizabeth Barrett Browning was considered among her contemporaries as a better poet than her husband, she was later overshadowed by his success. 分析该选项
CLater overshadowed by the success of her husband, Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poetry had been considered among her contemporaries to be better than that of her husband. 分析该选项
DAlthough Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s success was later overshadowed by that of her husband, among her contemporaries she was considered the better poet
EElizabeth Barrett Browning’s poetry was considered among her contemporaries as better than her husband, but her success was later overshadowed by his. 分析该选项

Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.
A they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease
B after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine, they began growing again 分析该选项
C in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, which was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again 分析该选项
D with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular red wine, they began growing again 分析该选项
E a reduced risk of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started them growing again 分析该选项

Joan of Arc, a young Frenchwoman who claimed to be divinely inspired, turned the tide of English victories in her country by liberating the city of Orléans and she persuaded Charles VII of France to claim his throne.
Ashe persuaded Charles VII of France to claim his throne 分析该选项
Bpersuaded Charles VII of France in claiming his throne 分析该选项
Cpersuading that the throne be claimed by Charles VII of France 分析该选项
Dpersuaded Charles VII of France to claim his throne
Epersuading that Charles VII of France should claim the throne 分析该选项

Although appearing less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins, heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year—they are often green and striped, or have plenty of bumps and bruises—heirlooms are more flavorful and thus in increasing demand.
A Although appearing less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins, heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year 分析该选项
B Although heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year, appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins
C Although they appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins, heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year 分析该选项
D Grown from seeds saved during the previous year, heirloom tomatoes appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins 分析该选项
E Heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year, although they appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins 分析该选项

Mike MᶜGarry
GMAT Sentence Correction: Grammatical Construction
BY MIKE MᶜGARRY ON AUGUST 7, 2013 IN GRAMMAR, SENTENCE CORRECTION, VERBAL
First, some practice GMAT Sentence Correction questions of this genre.
1) Although more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, alternative energy sources, such as solar energy and wind farms, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, they would provide vast savings over time, not only in direct upkeep, but also medical costs due to lower cancer rates.
(A) Although more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, alternative energy sources, such as solar energy and wind farms, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, they
(B) Although alternative energy sources, such as solar energy and wind farms, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, are more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, they
(C) Although they are more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, solar energy and wind energy being two examples, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, alternative energy sources
(D) Exemplified by solar energy and wind farms, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, alternative energy sources are more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, they
(E) Alternative energy sources, such as solar energy and wind farms, both of which could easily supply all of the US’s energy needs, although they are more expensive to set up than fossil fuel power, they
2) The new crime legislation, introduced by Senator Gladstone in response to the Alkaline Scandal, would increase police databases, funding for neighborhood watch groups, programs for rehabilitating at-risk youth, and decrease the parole possibilities for violent convicts.
(A) programs for rehabilitating at-risk youth, and decrease
(B) programs to rehabilitate at-risk youth, and decrease
(C) and programs to rehabilitate at-risk youth, while decreasing
(D) increase programs for rehabilitating at-risk youth, and would decrease
(E) and programs to rehabilitate at-risk youth would be increased, while decreasing
3) Senator Baxter’s suggestion of the United States being able to cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025 raised great controversy in the press.
(A) of the United States being able to cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025 has raised great controversy in the press
(B) of the ability of the United States to cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025 raised great controversy in the press
(C) that the United States can cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025 has raised great controversy in the press
(D) which is that the United States has the ability to cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025 raised great controversy in the press
(E) which has raised great controversy in the press is that the United States will be able to cut all dependence on foreign oil by 2025