这项研究的主要目的是评估次最大循环过程中曲柄长度的微小变化(可由竞技自行车手接受)对代谢成本和踩踏技术的急性影响。十二名业余公路自行车手以恒定节奏(91.3±0.8 rpm)以随机顺序执行了三组次最大的踩踏(150、200和250 W),其中三种常用的曲柄长度为首选(172.5–175 mm),+ 5 mm和-5 mm。同时记录了踏板,运动和运动学变量的能源成本。曲柄长度的变化对心率(分别为144±13、145±12和145±13 bpm)和总效率(GE)(分别为20.4±2.1、20.1±2.2和20.3±2.4%)没有显着影响。曲柄较长会引起明显的(P <0.05)由于更大的最大扭矩(1.0–2.3 N·m)和最小扭矩(1.0–2.2 N·m),正脉冲比例(PIP)降低(0.9–1.9%)。同时,髋和膝关节的最大屈曲和活动范围显着增加(1.8–3.4°,P <0.05),而踝关节未受影响。总之,由于曲柄较长而引起的生物力学变化虽然可以产生长期的不利影响,但并未改变脚踏板的代谢成本。因此,如果在两个长度之间有疑问,建议使用较短的长度。 The main purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of small changes in crank length (assumable by competitive cyclists) on metabolic cost and pedalling technique during submaximal cycling. Twelve amateur road cyclists performed three sets of submaximal pedalling (150, 200 and 250 W) at a constant cadence (91.3 ± 0.8 rpm) in a randomised order with three commonly used crank lengths, preferred (172.5–175 mm), +5 mm and −5 mm. Energy cost of pedalling, kinetic and kinematic variables were simultaneously registered. Changes in crank length had no significant effect on heart rate (144 ± 13, 145 ± 12 and 145 ± 13 bpm, respectively) and gross efficiency (GE) (20.4 ± 2.1, 20.1 ± 2.2 and 20.3 ± 2.4%, respectively). A longer crank induced a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of positive impulse proportion (PIP) (0.9–1.9%) due to a greater maximum (1.0–2.3 N · m) and minimum torque (1.0–2.2 N · m). At the same time, the maximum flexion and range of motion of the hip and knee joints were significantly increased (1.8–3.4° and P < 0.05), whereas the ankle joint was not affected. In conclusion, the biomechanical changes due to a longer crank did not alter the metabolic cost of pedalling, although they could have long-term adverse effects. Therefore, in case of doubt between two lengths, the shorter one might be recommended. 根据建议就是按腿长选择,腿短就选短的,腿长就选长的,至于有多精确吧主是有给过建议的,有利有弊,还是要结合实际使用情况分析